TIMI Score
Determines the myocardial infarction mortality risk in patients suffering from acute coronary syndrome.
In the text below the calculator you can read more about the score interpretation.
The TIMI score offers an index of mortality risk from myocardial infarction.
It is to be applied to patients suffering from acute coronary syndrome and is based on heart rate, age and systolic blood pressure.
The formula used is:
TIMI risk index = heart rate (bpm) x (age/10)2 /systolic BP (mmHg)
The index score is correlated with the following mortality risk percentages:
| Risk index | Risk group | Mortality risk | ||
| 24 hr | In-hospital | 30 days | ||
| <12.5 | I | 0.2 | 0.6 | 0.8 |
| 12.5 - 17.5 | II | 0.4 | 1.5 | 1.9 |
| 17.5 - 22.5 | III | 1 | 3.1 | 3.3 |
| 22.5 - 30 | IV | 2.4 | 6.5 | 7.3 |
| >30 | V | 6.9 | 15.8 | 17.4 |
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TIMI score explained
The Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) score determines 30-day risk of mortality from ST-elevation myocardial infarction.
The three variables that are taken into account in the calculation are:
■ Patient age in years;
■ Heart rate in beats per minute;
■ Systolic blood pressure in mmHg.
The formula used in the TIMI score calculator is the following:
TIMI risk index = heart rate (bpm) x (age/10)2 /systolic BP (mmHg)
This formula leads to an index that is useful in determining the risk of death and ischemic events. Targeted patients are those who suffer from unstable angina and/or ST elevation MI or non-ST elevation MI.
Interpretation
The result from the above formula is classified in a risk group and awarded the corresponding 24hr, in-hospital and 30-days mortality risk percentages.
| Risk index | Risk group | Mortality risk | ||
| 24 hr | In-hospital | 30 days | ||
| <12.5 | I | 0.2 | 0.6 | 0.8 |
| 12.5 - 17.5 | II | 0.4 | 1.5 | 1.9 |
| 17.5 - 22.5 | III | 1 | 3.1 | 3.3 |
| 22.5 - 30 | IV | 2.4 | 6.5 | 7.3 |
| >30 | V | 6.9 | 15.8 | 17.4 |
ACS and myocardial infarction
Acute coronary syndrome is a term that characterizes all conditions in which a reduction of blood flow takes place in the coronary arteries. This can be caused by plaque build-up in the arteries (coronary atherosclerosis) which narrows the arteries and prevents blood flow.
These conditions impair heart function and may lead to a sudden stop of the heart, myocardial infarction.
Some of the cardiac risk factors include:
■ Age higher than 45 for men and 55 for women;
■ High cholesterol;
■ Hypertension;
■ Diabetes mellitus;
■ Sedentarism;
■ Family history of cardiac disease.
Most common ACS symptoms include chest pressure (unstable angina) or radiating pain.
Other accompanying symptoms are shortness of breath, dizziness, heartburn, nausea, vomiting or feeling restless.
Left untreated, these symptoms are precursors of a heart attack that is life threatening.
References
1. Morrow DA, Antman EM, Charlesworth A, Cairns R, Murphy SA, de Lemos JA, Giugliano RP, McCabe CH, Braunwald E. TIMI risk score for ST-elevation myocardial infarction: A convenient, bedside, clinical score for risk assessment at presentation: An intravenous nPA for treatment of infarcting myocardium early II trial substudy. Circulation. 2000; 102(17):2031-7.
2. Wiviott SD, Morrow DA, Frederick PD, Antman EM, Braunwald E, National Registry of Myocardial Infarction. Application of the Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction risk index in non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: evaluation of patients in the National Registry of Myocardial Infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006; 47(8):1553-8.
Specialty: Cardiology
System: Cardiovascular
Objective: Mortality Risk Prediction
Type: Score
No. Of Variables: 3
Abbreviation: TIMI
Article By: Denise Nedea
Published On: April 25, 2017 · 02:07 PM
Last Checked: April 25, 2017
Next Review: April 25, 2023