Sodium Correction In Hyperglycemia
Determines the corrected serum Na based on sodium and glucose levels.
There is more information about this type of correction in the text below the calculator.
Sodium correction is performed when glucose levels are indicative of hyperglycemia because serum Na levels tend to appear lower than they actually are, in the presence of high glucose.
It is considered that for every 100 mg/dL / 5.6 mmol/L of extra glucose there is a decrease of 1.6 mEq/L in serum Na.
The sodium correction is based on the Katz formula from 1973:
Na = Sodium measured value + 0.016 x (Glucose value - 100)
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Variables and formula
In order to perform the sodium correction, the user must input the sodium measured value in mEq/L and glucose value in either mg/dL, mmol/L or any of the other units provided in the list.
The following table introduces the normal, low and high limits of serum sodium and glucose:
| Determination | Lower limit | Normal range | Higher limit |
| Sodium | 80 | 136 - 145 | 200 |
| Glucose | 0 | 75 - 115 | 400 |
The above correction is based on the formula created by Katz in 1973, where:
Na = Sodium measured value + 0.016 x (Glucose value - 100)
Hyperglycemia and sodium correction
Due to the metabolic reactions that accompany hyperglycemia, sodium levels may appear lower than they actually are.
Hyperglycemia is known to associate with a temporary translational hyponatremia caused by the migration of plasma glucose in the cells. This moves water in the extracellular space, shift in fluids which in turn leads to a change in serum Na.
The study by Katz published the 1.6 rule (A decrease of 1.6 mEq/L in Na concentration for every 100 mg/dL / 5.6 mmol/L of extra glucose).
A more recent study, by Hillier, advances and tests the hypothesis that the decrease is of 2.4 mEq/L and concludes that the correction factor should be 2.4 not 1.6.
Original source
Katz MA. Hyperglycemia-induced hyponatremia--calculation of expected serum sodium depression. N Engl J Med. 1973; 18;289(16):843-4.
Specialty: Deficiency
System: Endocrine
Objective: Correction
Type: Calculator
No. Of Variables: 2
Year Of Study: 1973
Article By: Denise Nedea
Published On: July 22, 2017 · 08:05 AM
Last Checked: July 22, 2017
Next Review: July 22, 2023