LV Mass Index

Helps diagnose the type of cardiac hypertrophy based on LVMI and relative wall thickness.

Refer to the text below the calculator for more information about the formulas and parameters involved.

Left ventricular mass is an important determinant of diagnosis and prognosis in patients with heart disease, in specific for determination of severity and type of cardiac hypertrophy.

Formulas

  • LV Mass = 0.8 x (1.04 x (((LVEDD + IVSd +PWd)3 - LVEDD3))) + 0.6
  • LVMI (LV Mass Indexed to Body Surface Area) = LV Mass / BSA
  • RWT (Relative Wall Thickness) = 2 x PWd / LVEDD
  • BSA (Mosteller) = (((Height in cm) x (Weight in kg))/ 3600)½

Reference Ranges for LV Mass Indexed To BSA (g/m2)

Female Male Interpretation
43 - 95 49 - 115 Normal range
96 - 108 116 - 131 Mildly Abnormal
109 - 121 132 - 148 Moderately Abnormal
≥122 ≥149 Severely Abnormal

Relative wall thickness (RWT) allows classification of LV mass increase as either:

  • Concentric hypertrophy (RWT >0.42);
  • Eccentric hypertrophy (RWT ≤0.42).
LV end diastolic dimension (LVEDD)
Interventricular septal end diastole (IV Sd)
Posterior wall thickness at end-diastole (PWd)
Do you know the Body Surface Area (BSA)?
Body Surface Area (BSA)
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Steps on how to print your input & results:

1. Fill in the calculator/tool with your values and/or your answer choices and press Calculate.

2. Then you can click on the Print button to open a PDF in a separate window with the inputs and results. You can further save the PDF or print it.

Please note that once you have closed the PDF you need to click on the Calculate button before you try opening it again, otherwise the input and/or results may not appear in the pdf.

 

Left Ventricular Mass Index Explained

Left ventricular mass is an important determinant of diagnosis and prognosis in patients with heart disease (cardiovascular morbidity and mortality) in specific for determination of severity and type of cardiac hypertrophy.

The parameters involved are summarised below:

  • LVEDD: Left ventricular end-diastolic dimension;
  • IVSd: Interventricular septal thickness at end-diastole;
  • PWd: Posterior wall thickness at end-diastole;
  • LVMI: Left ventricular mass index;
  • RWT: Relative wall thickness;
  • BSA: Body surface area using the Mosteller formula.

The formulas used are the following:

  • LV Mass = 0.8 x (1.04 x (((LVEDD + IVSd +PWd)3 - LVEDD3))) + 0.6
  • LVMI (LV Mass Indexed to Body Surface Area) = LV Mass / BSA
  • RWT (Relative Wall Thickness) = 2 x PWd / LVEDD

For BSA, Mosteller’s formula is employed: BSA = (((Height in cm) x (Weight in kg))/ 3600)½

Left ventricular mass (LVM) can be directly determined using cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) and is known to increase in proportion to overall body size and differs by gender:

Female Male Interpretation
43 - 95 49 - 115 Normal range
96 - 108 116 - 131 Mildly Abnormal
109 - 121 132 - 148 Moderately Abnormal
≥122 ≥149 Severely Abnormal

Individuals with LV hypertrophy were found to be at 2.7 times greater risk for cardiac events, such as myocardial infarction or coronary heart disease death, (over 15 years) than individuals without LV hypertrophy.

Relative wall thickness (RWT) allows classification of LV mass increase as either:

  • Concentric hypertrophy (RWT >0.42);
  • Eccentric hypertrophy (RWT ≤0.42).

LVMI Hypertrophy

 

References

Lang RM et al. Recommendations for cardiac chamber quantification by echocardiography in adults: an update from the American Society of Echocardiography and the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2015; 28(1):1-39.

Galderisi et al. Standardization of adult transthoracic echocardiography reporting in agreement with recent chamber quantification, diastolic function, and heart valve disease recommendations: an expert consensus document of the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2017; 18(12):1301-1310.

Mizukoshi K, Takeuchi M, Nagata Y, et al. Normal Values of Left Ventricular Mass Index Assessed by Transthoracic Three-Dimensional Echocardiography. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2016; 29(1):51-61.

Hashem MS, Kalashyan H, Choy J, Chiew SK, Shawki AH, Dawood AH, Becher H. Left ventricular relative wall thickness versus left ventricular mass index in non-cardioembolic stroke patients. 2015 Medicine. 94 (20): e872.

Maruyama K, Hasegawa S, Nakatani D, et al. Left ventricular mass index measured by quantitative gated myocardial SPECT with 99mTc-tetrofosmin: a comparison with echocardiography. Ann Nucl Med. 2003; 17(1):31-39.

Specialty: Cardiology

System: Cardiovascular

Article By: Denise Nedea

Published On: June 29, 2020 · 12:00 AM

Last Checked: June 29, 2020

Next Review: June 29, 2025